Vol. 6 No. 2: Oktober 2025

Background : Mangosteen rind ( Garcinia mangostana ) contains anthocyanins, which have potential as natural dyes. One promising application is as a substitute for malachite green in the Kato-Katz...

Background : Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a condition caused by atherosclerosis, which leads to reduced blood supply to the heart muscle. This condition occurs due to the buildup of plaques...

Background : Typhoid fever is an infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi and remains a significant public health problem in endemic regions. The incidence continues to rise annually,...

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an opportunistic pathogen with a strong capacity for biofilm formation, which enhances resistance to antibiotics. Although...

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Without prompt management, DHF can lead to severe...

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major contributor to kidney failure worldwide. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is widely recognised as a marker for glycemic regulation, yet its association...

Background : Thalassemia is a disease caused by a deficiency or loss of synthesis of one or more normal globin chains. In diseases that require blood transfusions, such as Transfusion Dependent...

Background : Human Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB causes serious health problems for about 10 million people each year and is one of the most...