The effect of jackfruit consumption on blood glucose levels in the community using the POCT method
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem that continues to rise, with projections reaching 700 million cases by 2045. In Indonesia, this disease is the third leading cause of death. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or dysfunction. DM is classified into type 1, type 2, other types, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 DM occurs due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, whereas type 2 DM arises from insulin resistance and decreased insulin production. Major risk factors include unhealthy diets, fast food consumption, physical inactivity, obesity, stress, age, and family history. Lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increased prevalence of DM, particularly due to sedentary behavior. Jackfruit, as a fruit with a medium–high glycemic index, has the potential to raise blood glucose levels. This study was conducted to assess the effect of jackfruit consumption on blood glucose using the POCT method as a rapid detection tool to reduce the risk of complications and death due to DM. Objectives: observing the increase in glucose levels before and after consuming jackfruit. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted through structured interviews and blood glucose measurements using POCT before and after jackfruit consumption with three portion categories. Data were recorded based on the number of fruits consumed. Data processing was carried out using Excel and SPSS, with normality tests performed to determine the use of either the Paired Sample T-Test or the Wilcoxon test, depending on the data distribution. Results: The study showed that jackfruit consumption caused a significant increase in blood glucose levels, with an average rise of 14 mg/dL after 2 hours. Analysis using POCT, normality tests, and the Wilcoxon test indicated a significant difference before and after consumption. The magnitude of the increase was influenced by the glycemic index, fruit ripeness, and the respondents’ conditions. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the results showed a p-value of 0.00, indicating a statistically significant difference. This means that consuming jackfruit can increase blood glucose levels.
References
Anna Anggriana, Muhardi dan Rostiati. (2017). Karakteristik buah nagka (Artocarpus Heterophyllus Lamk) Siap Saji Yang Dipasarkan Di Kota Palu. E-J. Agrotekbis, 5(3), 287-283. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/241735-none-7ee802b3.pdf
Ervina Eko Mustofa, Janu Purwono dan Ludiana. (2022). Penerapan Senam Kaki Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Purwosari Kec. Metro Utara Tahun 2021. Jurnal Cendikia Muda, 2(1), 78-86. https://share.google/0oBDAixQ3ZZsh0gBR
Eva Decroli. (2019). Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Pusat Penerbitan Bagian Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas, Edisi 1 hal 1-2.http://repo.unand.ac.id/21867/1/Buku%20Diabetes%20Melitus%20%28Lengkap%29.pdf
Freeman AM, Acevedo LA, Pennings N. (2023). Insulin Resistance. National Library Of Medicine. from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507839/
Hettiaratchi UP, Ekanayake S, Welihinda J. (2011). Nutritional assessment of a jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) meal. Ceylon Med J, 56(2):54-8. https://doi.org/10.4038/cmj.v56i2.3109
Kadek Resa Widiasari, I Made Kusuma Wijaya dan Putu Adi Suputra. (2021). Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 : Faktor Risiko, Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana. Jurnal Ganesha Medicina, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.23887/gm.v1i2.40006
Melytania, Ety Retno Setyowati, Ana Andriana dan Kadek Dwi Pramana. (2023). Hubungan Kadar Glukosa Darah Swaktu Dengan Kadar Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Poliklinik RSUD Kota Mataram. Jurnal Kedokteran, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.36679/kedokteran.v8i2.46
Mobasseri M, Shirmohammadi M, Amiri T, Vahed N, Hosseini Fard H, Ghojazadeh M.. (2020). Prevalence and incidence of type 1 diabetes in the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Promot Perspect, 10(2), 202-205. https://doi:10.34172/hpp.43143
Putri Sagita, Ety Apriliana, Sofyan Mussabiq dan Tri Umiana Soleha. (2021). Pengaruh Pemberian Daun Sirsak (Annona Muricata) terhadap penyakit diabetes melitus. Jurnal Medika Hutama, 03(01), 1267-1272. http://jurnalmedikahutama.com/
Shaw, Julie L.V. 2021. “Point-of-Care Testing: The Good, the Bad, and the Laboratory Oversight.” Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine 6 (4): 1090–93. https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaa200