Artikel
Open Access (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Peer Reviewed
Utilization of neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) in inhibiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria Cutibacterium acnes
Article Publication History
Received
26 Jun 2025
Revised
01 May 2026
Accepted
01 May 2026
Published Online
02 May 2026
Abstract
Background: Acne is an infection that occurs on the surface of the skin in the form of inflammation of the oil glands in the epidermal layer of the skin, when infected by the bacteria Cutibacterium acnes, blackheads will develop into inflammation and cause acne vulgaris. One of the plants that can be used as a natural alternative in acne treatment is neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss). Objectives: This research aims to identify the inhibitory effect of neem leaf extract on C. acne. Materials and Methods: Neem leaves samples were obtained from the Sumenep district. The research was conducted at the PIPOT-UBAYA Laboratory, the Pharmacy Laboratory of PGRI Adi Buana University Surabaya and the Microbiology Laboratory of Stikes Ngudia Husada Madura. The research design used is experimental, testing of the inhibition power of neem leaves using the diffusion method by observing the inhibition zone around the disc. This research used concentrations of 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The positive and negative controls used are sterile aquades and Clindamycin. Results: The results showed the inhibition zones of neem leaf extract against C. acnes at concentrations of 25% and 50% were 6.3 mm and 9.3 mm, while at concentrations of 75% and 100% were 12.3 mm and 16 mm. Conclusions: The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed p-value is 0.000, which means that neem leaves can inhibit the growth of C. acnes.
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Bashar, A.M., Najem, W.S., Alrifai, S.B., Mukhlif, E.D., (2020). Assessment of Lipase Activity for Cutibacterium acnes in Relation to Acne Vulgaris Disease Severity in a Group of Iraqi Patients. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 19 (6), 57-61.
Dessinioti, C., & Katsambas, A. (2022). Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance in Acne: Epidemiological Trends and Clinical Practice Considerations. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 95(4), 429–433.
Dianda , T. P. .; Suharti , P. H. . (2022). Pengaruh Waktu Dan Kadar Etanol Pada Maserasi Lidah Buaya Terhadap Antiseptik Hand Sanitizer Gel. Distilat: J. Tekn. 8, 1000-1008.
Donadio, G., Mensitieri, F., Santoro, V., Parisi, V., Bellone, M. L., De Tommasi, N., Izzo, V., & Dal Piaz, F. (2021). Interactions with Microbial Proteins Driving the Antibacterial Activity of Flavonoids. Pharmaceutics, 13(5),660.
Edwards, F., MacGowan, A., & Macnaughton, E. (2021). Antimicrobial therapy: principles of use. Medicine, 49(10), 624–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MPMED.2021.07.005
Ergina (2014). Uji Kualitatif Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Daun Palado (Agave Angustifolia) yang Diekstraksi dengan Pelarut Air dan Etanol. Jurnal Akademika Kimia, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 165-172.
Fahrurin, W.A Hadi,Susetyarini, R.A & Permana,F.H. (2023). Kajian Jenis - Jenis Tumbuhan Berkhasiat Obat Yang Dimanfaatkan Untuk Pengobatan Oleh Masyarakat Kecamatan Sendang Kabupaten Tulungagung. Jurnal Bioe Dukasi,6(1),215–222. Https://Doi.Org/10.33387/Bioedu.V6i1.5754.
Fatmawati, S. Bioaktivitas dan Konstituen Kimia Tanaman Obat Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Deepublish CV Budi Utama, 2019.
Gerung,W.H.P., Fatimawali, F., & Antasionasti, I. (2021). “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Belimbing Botol (Averrhoa Bilimbi L.) Terhadap PertumbuhanBakteriPropionibacterium acnes Penyebab Jerawat.Pharmacon,10(4),1087_1093.https://doi.org/10.35799/pha.10.2021.37403250.
Hasanuddin,A.R.P., Subakir, S. (2020). "Uji Bioaktivitas Minyak Cengkeh (Syzygium Aromaticum) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans Penyebab Karier Gigi." Bioma, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 241-250.
Luk, N. M., Hui, M., Lee, H. C., Fu, L. H., Liu, Z. H., Lam, L. Y., Eastel, M., Chan, Y. K., Tang, L. S., Cheng, T. S., Siu, F. Y., Ng, S. C., Lai, Y. K., & Ho, K. M. (2013). Antibiotic-resistant Propionibacterium acnes among acne patients in a regional skin centre in Hong Kong. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV, 27(1), 31–36.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14683083.2011.04351.
McLaughlin, J., Watterson, S., Layton, A.M., Bjourson, A.J., Barnard,E., McDowell,A., (2019). Propionibacterium acnes and Acne Vulgaris: New Insights From The Integration of Population Genetic, Multi-omic, Biochemical and Host-Microbe Studies. Microorganisms, 7(5),128. Doi:10.3390/microorganisms7050128
Platsidaki,E and Dessinioti, C., (2018). Recent Advances in Undestanding Propionebacterium acnes (Cutibacterium acnes) in Acne. F1000Research. 7(1953).
Putri, A. Y. (2022). Uji Antibakteri Kombucha Daun Sirih (Piper Betle L.) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes. Skripsi.Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung.
Riskiyani, T .S, Nurcahyo, H. Febriyanti R., (2020). Pengaruh Perbedaan Metode Ekstraksi Terhadap Kadar Flavonoid Ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica L). Ejournal poltektegal. 7(1). 1-6.
Rini, C.S., Rohmah, J., Widyaningrum, L.Y.(2018). The Antibacterial Activity Test Galanga (Alpinia galangal) On The Growth Of Bacteria Bacillus subtilis And Escherichia coli, IOP Publishing Material Science And Engineering,420.doi:10.1088/1757899X/420/1/012142.
Sayekti, S., Farhan, A., Alan, M. S. Uji Daya Hambat Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Mimba ( Azadirachta Indica A . Juss .) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Dengan Metode Difusi Cakram. Jurnal Insan Cendekia, 2023.10(3), 220–226. https://doi.org/10.35874/jic.v10i3.1253.
Senduk, T. W., Montolalu, L. A. D. Y., & Dotulong, V. (2020). The rendement of boiled water extract of mature leaves of mangrove Sonneratia alba . Jurnal Perikanan Dan Kelautan Tropis, 11(1), 9–15. https://doi.org/10.35800/jpkt.11.1.2020.28659.
Sibero, H. T., I Wayan A. P, D. I. A. (2019). Tatalaksana Terkini Acne Vulgaris. Medical Faculty Of Lampung University, Dermatovenerologist Division Of Abdoel Moeloek, 3(2), 313–320. https://doi.org/10.23960/jkunila32313-320.
Supriyanto. (2017). Uji Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Mimba (Azaradiracta Indica Juss). Seminar Nasional Teknologi dan Informatika 2017, Universitas Muria Kudus
Surahmaida, S., & Umarudin, U. (2019). Studi Fitokimia Ekstrak Daun Kemangi Dan Daun Kumis Kucing Menggunakan Pelarut Metanol. Indonesian Chemistry And Application Journal, 3(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.26740/icaj.v3n1.p1-6.
Susanty., Bachmid, F. (2016). Perbandingan Metode Ekstraksi Maserasi Dan Refluks Terhadap Kadar Fenolik Dari Ekstrak Tongkol Jagung (Zea Mays L.). Jurnal Konversi Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta,vol.5,no2.doi:10.24853/konversi.5.2.87-92.
Teresa. A. (2020). Akne Vulgaris Dewasa : Etiologi, Patogenesis Dan Tatalaksana Terkini. Jurnal Kedokteran Universitas Palangka Raya, 8(1), 952–964.
Vifta, R. L., & Advistasari, Y. D. (2018). Skrining Fitokimia, Karakterisasi, Dan Penentuan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Dan Fraksi-Fraksi Buah Parijoto (Medinilla Speciosa B.) Pytochemical Screening, Characterization, And Determination Of Total Flavonoids Extracts And Fractions Of Parijoto Fruit. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Unimus,8-14. Https://Prosiding.Unimus.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Semnas/Article/View/19/116.