Identification of Candida albicans in the Urine of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patiens at Puskesmas Jaten 2, Karanganyar Regency
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Abstract
Background: Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungus that thrives in environments with high glucose concentrations, which makes patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) especially vulnerable to infection. Elevated blood glucose levels in DM can lead to glycosuria, providing a rich nutrient source for fungal growth. This research is critical because there is a lack of specific studies focusing on fungal infections in diabetic patients in Indonesia, despite the increasing prevalence of DM. This research provides a new perspective by highlighting a local diabetic population that has not been extensively studied before. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the presence of Candida albicans in the urine of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at Puskesmas Jaten 2 in Karanganyar Regency. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study included 20 urine samples from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. The inclusion criteria were fasting blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dl or higher, and all patients were enrolled in the chronic disease management program (Prolanis) at Puskesmas Jaten 2. The samples were collected and examined macroscopically in February 2024 to detect the presence of Candida albicans. Results: The results showed that Candida albicans was found in 6 out of 20 urine samples (30%), while the fungus was not detected in 14 samples (70%). The majority of positive cases occurred in patients aged 50 and older, suggesting an age-related susceptibility to fungal infection in this population. Patients with higher glucose levels also showed a greater tendency for Candida growth. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that Candida albicans is present in the urine of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at Puskesmas Jaten 2, with a notable prevalence of 30%. This finding highlights an increased susceptibility to fungal infections in older patients and those with elevated glucose levels, suggesting the need for careful monitoring and potential intervention in this population. Further studies with larger sample sizes are suggested to confirm these results and explore additional preventive measures.
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